Well Differentiated Papillary Mesothelioma Treatment
Papillary mesothelioma that is well differentiated occurs most often in the abdomen's lining, called the peritoneum. It can also be found in the pleura surrounding the lungs and the tunica vaginalis of the testes.
Mesothelioma is a serious disease, however this type is not a malignant one and usually responds to treatment. However, it could develop and develop into more advanced cancers.
Signs and symptoms
Papillary mesothelioma which is well differentiated is found on the membranes around various organs. It is most commonly located in the peritoneum. However, it can be found on the Pleurae (lining of the lung), pericardiums (a sac surrounding the heart), and tunica vaginaliss (the tissue that surrounds the testicles). Although mesothelioma is a cancerous disease, some kinds are considered to be benign. They are referred to as low-grade mesothelioma, which typically comes with better outcomes than mesothelioma that is malignant.
Asbestos is a leading cause of mesothelioma. In some cases, a person suffering from this disease may not notice symptoms until years after asbestos exposure. Doctors must conduct a physical exam and take blood samples for laboratory testing to determine the severity of the condition. They also employ imaging technology, such as x-rays, MRIs and PET scans to detect indications of mesothelioma.
Mesothelioma treatment is most successful when patients are treated and diagnosed before the tumors grow into malignant forms. Many experts on mesothelioma suggest routine check-ups to detect any changes. A recent case report published by the Journal of Medical Ultrasound revealed that scheduled imaging follow ups may not be required for papillary mesothelioma having a well-differentiated stage.
The study analyzed the first instance of WDPM that was found to be concurrently associated with a struma which is a rare tumor that occurs in the serosal tissue that surrounds the uterus. The patient complained of abdominal pain that was accompanied by manifestly debulking laparoscopy. The resulting pathology revealed a non-invasive papillary growth of mesothelial cell with the BAP1 marker. BAP1 as deemed treatment mesothelioma under the latest WHO classification.
According to the report, WDPM is benign tumor that rarely transforms into invasive mesothelioma. However, the authors of the study have pointed out that unambiguously malignant epithelioid tumors that are invasive can also contain areas that resemble WDPM.
Diagnosis
In many cases, abdominal pain or swelling are the first symptoms. The condition can also cause fluid buildup in the lungs or abdomen. It is essential to be diagnosed by an expert doctor. Mesothelioma is classified as either epithelial or sarcomatoid and some are biphasic (a combination of both kinds). Unlike malignant mesothelioma, which can spread quickly and grow to other parts of the body, WDPM is typically benign.
Most mesotheliomas can be classified by their cell type, with epithelial being the most common and sarcomatoid the rarest. However, a few studies have examined the possibility that mesothelioma could transform into a well-differentiated mesothelioma that is papillary. Sarcomoma is a cancer with a low prognosis, mesothelioma that is differentiated is considered to be low-risk.
In the medical literature, only 14 cases of papillary mesothelioma that had a well-differentiated tumor had been reported up until recently. This rare tumor develops in the lining of certain organs, such as the peritoneum and the pleura. It is believed to be caused by asbestos exposure, but the exact connection is not evident.
The WDPM tumor is located in the peritoneum, which is the lung lining. It can also develop in the pleura, the sac that surrounds the lungs and the tunica vaginalis of testes.
WDPM is regarded as low-grade mesothelioma but it has the potential to transform into malignant mesothelioma in time. Some patients have even developed both WDPM and malignant mesothelioma in the same area of their bodies.
Doctors diagnose WDPM by taking a sample of the affected tissue and then performing tests in the laboratory. These tests are performed to detect the presence of cancerous cells and their degree of differentiation. If someone is diagnosed with this condition it is recommended that they attend regular follow up appointments to ensure that the tumor does not expand or recur. WDPM may be misdiagnosed as a different condition or mistaken for benign mesothelioma, so it is crucial that doctors are aware of the unique nature of this cancer and its potential for recurrence. Those who have a repeat of this condition should discuss their options with a knowledgeable mesothelioma lawyer.
Treatment
Treatment of papillary mesothelioma with a differentiated approach is typically successful and leads to an improved prognosis when than other mesothelioma types. However, like other mesothelioma types will need to see a specialist physician to determine the proper diagnosis and the best treatment options.
The initial step in mesothelioma treatment involves surgically removing the cancerous or tumor-causing tissue from the affected area of the body. The surgeon may also use chemotherapy or radiation therapy to kill any remaining cells and stop the growth of new tumors in the future.
Doctors have also observed mesothelioma in different parts of the body, including the pericardium, tunica vulginalis and pleura. In the case of WDPMT the tumors usually appear as nodules that are white to gray which range from one to three centimeters wide. The tumors grow slowly however, they can cause swelling and pain when they expand.
The cell structure of a well-differentiated mesothelioma papillary is unique and differentiates it from other forms of mesothelioma. The tumors are characterized by a branching pattern formed by cuboidal cells that are bland and squishy mesothelial tissue, which form finger-like projections referred to as papillae. The papillae typically are located in the lining of the peritoneum however, they can also be found in the pleura and testicles.
Despite their distinct cellular structure, epithelial mesothelioma (WDPM) and other types must be distinct from malignant mesothelioma sarcomatoid that has a more aggressive clinical course. Sarcomatoid mesothelioma cells are more likely than other types to expand rapidly and spread widely.
In addition, sarcomatoid mesothelioma is more likely to be linked to smoking cigarettes and less likely to be associated to be a result of asbestos exposure than other mesothelioma tumor types. Nonetheless, the connection between mesothelioma and asbestos remains in doubt. Asbestos could contribute to the development both of malignant and benign forms of mesothelioma. However, it does not appear to be a cause for WDPM. WDPM that is not asymptomatic may progress into malignant mesothelioma. It is not clear which patients are at highest risk. There is a greater chance of having a more aggressive course of action for those who's solitary WDPM has a loss in the BAP1 and MTAP.
The following is a list with preventions.
Papillary mesothelioma occurs most frequently in the abdomen's lining (peritoneum) and less commonly in the lung linings and testicles. This type of mesothelioma is harmless and has a high likelihood of survival. However, a small possibility of transformation into malignant mesothelioma remains. This cancer is believed by experts to be caused by asbestos, which is a carcinogen. However, there is still research to determine the possible causes.
In some cases, WDPM can transform into malignant mesothelioma pleural. This is a rare situation. However, it is important to seek medical attention and diagnosis as soon as you can if you have any of the symptoms.
WDPM and sarcomatoid-sarcomatoid sarcomatoid are two kinds of malignant tumors that differ in their cell form and outlook. WDPM is usually epithelial, while sarcomatoid is more often a sarcomatoid cancer. It is also possible to develop mesothelioma that is biphasic, that is characterized by both epithelial and sarcomatoid types.
This mesothelioma type is generally benign and has a higher chance of surviving in comparison to other malignant forms. This is particularly relevant when it is found in the peritoneum. It can still cause significant health problems and can be difficult to treat when it is found in the tunica vaginalis or pleura.
Typically doctors diagnose this form of mesothelioma after it is found during surgery for a different condition or by chance in a patient suffering from abdominal pain and/or fluid accumulation. A biopsy is needed to confirm the diagnosis.
Patients who have a history of asbestos exposure should be assessed by a mesothelioma specialist who has access to latest research and treatment techniques. Patients have reported three-year survival rates of as high as 60 percent when paired with aggressive locoregional treatments that includes cytoreductive surgical removal of all gross disease, and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the elimination of microscopically-infiltrating disease. This is far more than the average survival rate of the historical controls. Because of this, it is essential to receive care at a mesothelioma referral center.